ABSTRACT
@#High mobility group box 1(HMGB1), which belongs to a high mobility group box that known for high mobility in electrophoresis, has been researching most intensively. Recently, researches have revealed that extracellular HMGB1, as a damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP), is involved in the pathophysiology of tissue damage repairin a variety of common ocular diseases, namely, dry eye, keratopathy, glaucoma, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, thereby negatively affecting the healing of the disease. Silencing the function of extracellular HMGB1 is expected to be a new way for these ophthalmic diseases. This thesis reviews the research progress of extracellular HMGB1 in common ophthalmic diseases.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades IV - V). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were IV and 3 cases were V. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). RESULTS: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. CONCLUSION: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade IV-V intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect.